How can a health care provider assess for ballottement during a physical examination?

Ballottement is a clinical sign used to assess for the presence of a fetus in the uterus during a physical examination. The correct way to assess for ballottement is achieved by gently tapping on the cervix. This technique involves a quick push or tap that can cause the fetus to bounce against the uterine wall and then return to its original position. This movement can be felt palpably, indicating that the fetus is present.

The other methods mentioned do not appropriately assess for ballottement. Pressing firmly on the abdomen may help in palpating the fetus or assessing uterine tone, but it does not specifically relate to the assessment of ballottement. Performing a vaginal exam can provide information on cervical status and the presentation of the fetus, but it does not involve the technique required to elicit ballottement. Listening to fetal heart sounds is crucial for assessing fetal well-being but is not relevant for detecting ballottement. Thus, tapping on the cervix is the specific action that accurately identifies this sign.