What is the role of estrogen and progesterone during the initial stages of pregnancy?

During the initial stages of pregnancy, estrogen and progesterone play crucial roles in supporting the developing pregnancy and preparing the woman's body for the changes that will occur. Progesterone is essential for maintaining the uterine lining, providing the necessary environment for the fertilized egg to implant and grow. It helps to prevent contractions of the uterus that could lead to miscarriage. Estrogen, on the other hand, is vital for the development of breast tissue, preparing it for future lactation. It also contributes to the overall regulation of other hormones in the body during pregnancy. Together, these hormones work synergistically to support breast tissue development and maintain the pregnancy throughout the crucial early weeks.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the primary functions of estrogen and progesterone. For example, while fetal heart rate regulation is critical, it is not primarily governed by these hormones during early pregnancy. The initiation of labor contractions is more closely associated with other hormones such as oxytocin and various prostaglandins, which become relevant later in the pregnancy. Promoting digestion is not a primary role of estrogen and progesterone; while they may influence gastrointestinal function, it is not their main function during early pregnancy. Thus, the option that highlights their role in supporting breast